Prácticas fundamentales como eje central en la experiencia de aprendizaje de Educación Parvularia

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Resumen

En los contextos educativos, las interacciones que propician educadoras de párvulos en la experiencia de aprendizaje cobran especial relevancia para el desarrollo y aprendizaje en las trayectorias educativas de niños/as. Sin embargo, aún es escasa la investigación acerca de la calidad de estas interacciones. El objetivo del estudio es identificar y describir las Prácticas Fundamentales presentes en la experiencia de aprendizaje en las aulas de educación parvularia, específicamente en el nivel transición. Mediante un estudio de caso, se analizaron 270 minutos de videograbaciones de experiencias de aprendizaje llevadas a cabo por una educadora experta en una escuela pública en la región de Valparaíso, Chile. Se utilizó un modelo de la interactividad para obtener una comprensión detallada de las dinámicas presentes. Los resultados destacan once Prácticas Fundamentales con predominio de: ‘anticipar tarea’, ‘obtener e interpretar el pensamiento de niños/as’ y ‘comprobar comprensión’. Asimismo, se observó que estas prácticas contribuyen a una estructura de enseñanza que facilita el seguimiento de los niños/as y promueve su autorregulación y atención. El estudio concluye que estas prácticas pueden mejorar la calidad educativa, proporcionando un marco útil para equilibrar el proceso de aprendizaje impartido en el aula y además orientar la formación inicial docente.

Palabras clave:

Educación parvularia , formación de profesores , Intereacciones pedagógicas , prácticas fundamentales

Citas

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