Escuelas en reconstrucción: restitución de derechos, clima socioemocional y rendimiento académico de las infancias en comunidades retornadas después del desplazamiento

Claudia Lizbet Soto Casillas; Davis  Jasso Velázquez; José de Jesús  Reveles Márquez

doi:10.5354/2735-7279.2025.82283

Schools in reconstruction: restitution of rights, socioemotional climate, and academic performance of children in communities returned after displacement

Authors

Claudia Lizbet Soto Casillas Benemérita Escuela Normal “Manuel Ávila Camacho” https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0684-2113
Davis Jasso Velázquez Escuela Normal “Manuel Ávila Camacho” https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8289-150X
José de Jesús Reveles Márquez Benemérita Escuela Normal “Manuel Ávila Camacho” https://orcid.org/0009-0008-2753-7752

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Abstract

This research aimed to analyze the role of schools in caring for children and adolescents who have been displaced by violence and who are returning to their communities in Zacatecas, Mexico, from the perspective of education authorities. A qualitative, exploratory-descriptive methodology was applied, using semi-structured interviews with nine supervisors and school authorities from affected communities. The interviews, conducted between December 2024 in person and virtually, were analyzed using thematic coding. The results show the profound impact of displacement on the school climate, academic performance, emotional well-being, and community organization. Precarious infrastructure conditions, teacher mobility, school closures, and challenges in learning and emotional health were identified. Authorities highlighted the urgent need for social-emotional strategies, teacher training in resilience and critical pedagogy, and inter-institutional actions for the restoration of rights. It is concluded that schools can be a key space for rebuilding the social fabric, but they require context-sensitive policies, support networks, human and material resources, and an educational paradigm shift oriented toward peace, justice, and inclusion in settings marked by armed conflict and violence.

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